Microbial disease and immunology Assignment. Writing a scientific Essay

Microbial disease and immunology Assignment. Writing a scientific abstract - sample Example7 females), aged between 18-69 years, were divided into three groups based on severity of pulmonary TB infection as diffused (infection in single lobe, no visible cavities), moderate (two or more lobes with/without cavities), and advanced (bilateral disease, multiple cavities). 12 healthy volunteers comprised the control group. Cytokine measurements were performed using ELISA. Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney tests, and Spearmans rank test were occupied for statistical analysis. Levels of the four cytokines (Th1 type cytokines IFN-y and Il-2, and Th2 type cytokines IL-4 and IL-10) were world-shaking in all the three groups however, the pattern of circulating cytokines varied. Higher levels of Th1 cell type cytokines were seen in the mild group, while high levels of both Th1 and Th2 type cytokines were seen in the moderate group. Advanced patients had higher levels of Th2 type cytokines and lo wer levels of Th1 type cytokines. Thus, while cell-mediated immune responses are significant in mild tuberculosis, advanced tuberculosis is characterised by impaired cell-mediated immune responses and enhanced humoral responses. It can be concluded that expansion of IL-4 and IL-10 producing T cells is positively correlated with the severity of pulmonary